Oracle Fusion is a suite of enterprise resource planning (ERP) applications developed by Oracle Corporation. It is designed to streamline business processes, improve productivity, and provide comprehensive business insights. Oracle Fusion applications are built on top of the Oracle Fusion Middleware and use a service-oriented architecture (SOA) approach. Here are some critical technical concepts related to Oracle Fusion:

1. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA): Oracle Fusion is based on a service-oriented architecture, where functionalities are provided as services that can be accessed and combined to meet specific business needs. SOA enables better integration, flexibility, and reusability of services across different applications and modules.
2. Oracle Fusion Middleware (OFM) is a suite of middleware technologies that act as the foundation for Oracle Fusion applications. It includes tools and services for integration, business process management, identity management, and more. OFM facilitates seamless communication and data exchange between different components of the application.
3. Oracle ADF (Application Development Framework): Oracle ADF is a Java-based framework used for building Oracle Fusion applications. It simplifies application development by providing pre-built components, data binding, and a model-view-controller (MVC) architecture. ADF supports both web-based and desktop applications.
4. Oracle Fusion Data Model: Oracle Fusion applications have a standardized data model that defines the structure of data used across various modules. This data model ensures consistency and facilitates easy data sharing between different applications.
5. Oracle Fusion Security Model: Security is a critical aspect of any enterprise application. Oracle Fusion has a robust security model that controls access to different functionalities and data based on user roles and responsibilities. It integrates with Oracle Identity Manager for user provisioning and authentication.
6. Oracle Fusion Web Services: Oracle Fusion applications expose web services that allow external systems to interact with and consume data from Fusion applications. These web services follow industry standards such as SOAP and RESTful APIs.
7. Business Process Automation: Oracle Fusion applications support the automation of complex business processes through the use of Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) workflows. This allows organizations to streamline their operations and ensure consistency in business processes.
8. Oracle Fusion Reporting: Oracle Fusion offers various reporting and analytics capabilities, including real-time dashboards, ad-hoc reporting, and business intelligence tools. The reporting module provides insights into various aspects of the business, helping users make informed decisions.
9. Extensibility and Customization: Oracle Fusion applications allow for extensibility and customization to meet specific business requirements without modifying the core code. This is achieved through the use of metadata-driven configurations and customizations.
10. Migration and Coexistence: Oracle provides tools and methodologies to help organizations migrate from their existing systems to Oracle Fusion applications. Additionally, coexistence strategies allow businesses to gradually transition to Fusion while maintaining interoperability with legacy systems.