Capybara combined with Selenium is a powerful duo for automated testing of web applications in Ruby. Capybara provides a high-level, intuitive API for interacting with web applications, while Selenium WebDriver drives a browser to execute tests. Here’s a guide to using Capybara with Selenium:

1. Setup Capybara and Selenium:

• Install Ruby: Ensure Ruby is installed on your system.
• Gemfile: In your Ruby project, add Capybara and Selenium WebDriver to your Gemfile.
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  gem 'capybara' gem 'selenium-webdriver'
• Bundle Install: Run bundle install to install the gems.

2. Configuring Capybara with Selenium:

• In your test setup file (like spec_helper.rb or rails_helper.rb if you’re using Rails), configure Capybara to use Selenium as the driver.
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  require 'capybara/rspec' require 'selenium-webdriver' Capybara.default_driver = :selenium Capybara.javascript_driver = :selenium_chrome_headless # for headless testing

3. Writing Tests:

• Write your tests using RSpec and Capybara. Capybara’s DSL (Domain Specific Language) allows you to describe actions in a way that resembles human interaction.
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  require 'spec_helper' RSpec.describe 'My Web App', type: :feature do it 'has a welcome page' do visit '/' expect(page).to have_text('Welcome') end it 'fills and submits a form' do visit '/form' fill_in 'Name', with: 'John Doe' click_button 'Submit' expect(page).to have_text('Form submitted') end end

4. Running Tests:

• Run your tests using a command like rspec or through a test runner integrated in your development environment.

5. Capybara Matchers and Actions:

• Capybara provides a variety of matchers and actions to interact with the page, like click_link, fill_in, have_selector, etc.
• These can be used to simulate user actions and assert that the page contains expected content or behaves as intended.

6. Handling JavaScript:

• Capybara with Selenium can handle dynamic content loaded via JavaScript.
• Use js: true tag in your tests to enable JavaScript for specific scenarios.

7. Advanced Configurations:

• Configure Capybara to match your application’s specific needs, like setting default wait time, customizing the Selenium WebDriver, etc.

8. Best Practices:

• Keep tests readable and maintainable.
• Use Page Object Model (POM) for structuring tests and managing complexity.
• Regularly update your dependencies.