In Java, the if statement is a fundamental control structure that allows you to conditionally execute a block of code based on a Boolean expression. The syntax of the if statement is as follows:

Here’s a breakdown of how the if statement works:

• condition: This is a Boolean expression, which is an expression that evaluates to either true or false. If the condition is true, the code inside the curly braces {} will be executed. If the condition is false, the code inside the braces will be skipped.

• {}: These curly braces define a block of code. The code inside these braces is executed if the condition is true.

Here’s a simple example of using an if statement in Java:

In this example, the if statement checks whether the variable number is greater than 5. If the condition is true, it prints the message inside the if block.

if-else Statement:

You can extend the if statement with an else block to provide an alternative action to be taken when the condition is false. Here’s the syntax for an if-else statement:

Here’s an example:

In this case, because number is not greater than 5, the code inside the else block is executed.

Nested if Statements:

You can also nest if statements inside each other to create more complex conditional logic. Here’s an example of nested if statements:

In this example, the code checks two conditions: whether x is greater than 5 and whether y is greater than 15.

The if statement is a fundamental building block for controlling the flow of your Java programs, allowing you to execute code based on specific conditions. It’s essential to understand how to use if statements effectively when writing Java code.