Running Selenium Tests In Docker
Running Selenium tests in Docker is a powerful way to create a consistent and isolated testing environment. This approach is particularly beneficial for scalable, parallel, and CI/CD integrated testing. Here’s a guide on how to set up and run Selenium tests in Docker:
Advantages of Using Docker for Selenium Tests
- Consistency: Ensures tests are run in the same environment every time.
- Isolation: Tests run in isolated containers, reducing conflicts.
- Scalability: Facilitates running multiple tests in parallel.
- CI/CD Integration: Seamlessly integrates with CI/CD pipelines.
Steps to Run Selenium Tests in Docker
Install Docker:
- Make sure Docker is installed on your system. Download it from the Docker website.
Pull Selenium Docker Images:
- Selenium provides official Docker images for the Selenium Standalone Server, Hub, and Nodes.
- Pull the Selenium Standalone Chrome or Firefox image:bash
docker pull selenium/standalone-chrome # or docker pull selenium/standalone-firefox
Run Selenium Standalone Server in Docker:
- Start the Selenium Standalone Server in a Docker container:bash
docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --shm-size=2g selenium/standalone-chrome # or for Firefox docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --shm-size=2g selenium/standalone-firefox
-p
maps the port from the container to your host.--shm-size
sets the shared memory size, important for browser stability.
- Start the Selenium Standalone Server in a Docker container:
Configure Test Scripts to Use Remote WebDriver:
- Modify your Selenium test scripts to connect to the Selenium Server running inside the Docker container.
- Example in Python:python
from selenium import webdriver driver = webdriver.Remote( command_executor='http://localhost:4444/wd/hub', desired_capabilities={'browserName': 'chrome'} )
Run Your Test Scripts:
- Execute your test scripts as usual. The tests will run against the browser in the Docker container.
Running Tests in Parallel Using Selenium Grid
- Selenium Grid: For parallel execution, use Selenium Grid with Docker. Set up a Selenium Hub and connect multiple browser nodes.
- Docker Compose: Use Docker Compose to define and run a multi-container Docker environment for your Selenium Grid.
Docker Compose Example for Selenium Grid
Create a docker-compose.yml
file:
version: '3'
services:
selenium-hub:
image: selenium/hub
ports:
- "4444:4444"
chrome-node:
image: selenium/node-chrome
depends_on:
- selenium-hub
environment:
- HUB_HOST=selenium-hub
Run with docker-compose up
, and then connect your test scripts to the Selenium Hub.
Integrating with CI/CD
- Pipeline Configuration: In your CI/CD pipeline (like Jenkins, GitLab CI, etc.), add steps to start the Selenium Docker containers, run tests, and then stop containers.
Best Practices
- Resource Allocation: Ensure your Docker host machine has sufficient resources (CPU, memory) for running tests.
- Cleanup: After tests are complete, stop and remove containers to free up resources.
- Security: If running tests on sensitive data, ensure your Docker setup adheres to security best practices.
Demo Day 1 Video:
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