Running Selenium Tests In Docker

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Running Selenium Tests In Docker

Running Selenium tests in Docker is a powerful way to create a consistent and isolated testing environment. This approach is particularly beneficial for scalable, parallel, and CI/CD integrated testing. Here’s a guide on how to set up and run Selenium tests in Docker:

Advantages of Using Docker for Selenium Tests

  • Consistency: Ensures tests are run in the same environment every time.
  • Isolation: Tests run in isolated containers, reducing conflicts.
  • Scalability: Facilitates running multiple tests in parallel.
  • CI/CD Integration: Seamlessly integrates with CI/CD pipelines.

Steps to Run Selenium Tests in Docker

  1. Install Docker:

    • Make sure Docker is installed on your system. Download it from the Docker website.
  2. Pull Selenium Docker Images:

    • Selenium provides official Docker images for the Selenium Standalone Server, Hub, and Nodes.
    • Pull the Selenium Standalone Chrome or Firefox image:
      bash
      docker pull selenium/standalone-chrome # or docker pull selenium/standalone-firefox
  3. Run Selenium Standalone Server in Docker:

    • Start the Selenium Standalone Server in a Docker container:
      bash
      docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --shm-size=2g selenium/standalone-chrome # or for Firefox docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --shm-size=2g selenium/standalone-firefox
    • -p maps the port from the container to your host.
    • --shm-size sets the shared memory size, important for browser stability.
  4. Configure Test Scripts to Use Remote WebDriver:

    • Modify your Selenium test scripts to connect to the Selenium Server running inside the Docker container.
    • Example in Python:
      python
      from selenium import webdriver driver = webdriver.Remote( command_executor='http://localhost:4444/wd/hub', desired_capabilities={'browserName': 'chrome'} )
  5. Run Your Test Scripts:

    • Execute your test scripts as usual. The tests will run against the browser in the Docker container.

Running Tests in Parallel Using Selenium Grid

  • Selenium Grid: For parallel execution, use Selenium Grid with Docker. Set up a Selenium Hub and connect multiple browser nodes.
  • Docker Compose: Use Docker Compose to define and run a multi-container Docker environment for your Selenium Grid.

Docker Compose Example for Selenium Grid

Create a docker-compose.yml file:

yaml
version: '3' services: selenium-hub: image: selenium/hub ports: - "4444:4444" chrome-node: image: selenium/node-chrome depends_on: - selenium-hub environment: - HUB_HOST=selenium-hub

Run with docker-compose up, and then connect your test scripts to the Selenium Hub.

Integrating with CI/CD

  • Pipeline Configuration: In your CI/CD pipeline (like Jenkins, GitLab CI, etc.), add steps to start the Selenium Docker containers, run tests, and then stop containers.

Best Practices

  • Resource Allocation: Ensure your Docker host machine has sufficient resources (CPU, memory) for running tests.
  • Cleanup: After tests are complete, stop and remove containers to free up resources.
  • Security: If running tests on sensitive data, ensure your Docker setup adheres to security best practices.

Demo Day 1 Video:

 
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