Python is a versatile programming language commonly used for web development. When it comes to building web applications using Python, there are several popular stacks, frameworks, and tools to choose from. Here’s a typical Python web development stack:

1. Front-End Development:
   1. HTML/CSS: Front-end developers use HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) for structuring web content and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) for styling and layout.
   2. JavaScript: JavaScript is used for adding interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages.
2. Front-End Frameworks and Libraries:
   1. React: A popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces with a component-based approach.
   2. Angular: A comprehensive front-end framework maintained by Google.
   3. Vue.js: A progressive JavaScript framework known for its simplicity and flexibility.
   4. jQuery: A JavaScript library that simplifies DOM manipulation and event handling.
3. Back-End Development:
4. Python Web Frameworks: There are several Python web frameworks to choose from, including:
   1. 1. Django: A high-level and robust web framework that includes an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) and built-in admin interface.
      2. Flask: A lightweight and micro web framework that provides flexibility and minimalism.
   2. FastAPI: A modern, fast, and highly efficient web framework for building APIs with Python.
5. Database Management:
   1. Relational Databases: PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite, or other relational databases can be used for structured data storage.
   2. NoSQL Databases: MongoDB, Cassandra, or other NoSQL databases can be used for unstructured or semi-structured data storage.
6. ORM (Object-Relational Mapping):
   1. Django ORM: If you’re using Django, it comes with its ORM for database interaction.
   2. SQLAlchemy: A popular ORM library for Python used with various web frameworks.
7. API Development:
   1. RESTful or GraphQL APIs: Create APIs to enable communication between the front-end and back-end, typically using JSON for data exchange.
8. Authentication and Authorization:
   1. Implement secure user authentication and authorization mechanisms to protect user data and application resources.
9. Web Servers:
   1. Use web servers like Gunicorn or uWSGI to serve Python web applications.
10. Deployment and Hosting:
    1. Deploy Python web applications on web servers or cloud platforms like AWS, Azure, or Heroku.
    2. Use containerization tools like Docker for deployment.