Cucumber is a popular tool for behavior-driven development (BDD) that allows you to write test scenarios in a natural language format and then automate those scenarios using various programming languages, including Java. When combined with Selenium WebDriver, Cucumber enables you to create powerful and readable automated tests. Here’s how to use Cucumber with Selenium in Java:

1. Set Up Your Development Environment:

• Ensure you have Java and a Java IDE (e.g., IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse) installed on your system. You’ll also need a build tool like Maven or Gradle for managing dependencies.

2. Create a Maven or Gradle Project:

• Set up a new Maven or Gradle project in your IDE. You can use the IDE’s project creation wizard to do this.

3. Add Dependencies:

• In your project’s pom.xml (for Maven) or build.gradle (for Gradle), add the necessary dependencies for Cucumber and Selenium WebDriver. Here’s an example for Maven:

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  <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId> <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId> <version>6.10.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId> <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId> <version>6.10.4</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId> <version>3.141.59</version> </dependency> </dependencies>

4. Create Feature Files:

• In your project, create .feature files that define the test scenarios using Gherkin syntax. These files describe the behavior of your application in plain language.

5. Write Step Definitions:

• Create Java classes to define the step definitions that correspond to the steps in your feature files. These classes will contain the actual code that interacts with your application using Selenium WebDriver.

6. Set Up Runner Class:

• Create a runner class that specifies where your feature files and step definitions are located. This class will execute your Cucumber tests. Here’s an example runner class:

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  import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber; import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; @RunWith(Cucumber.class) @CucumberOptions( features = "src/test/resources/features", glue = "step_definitions", plugin = {"pretty", "html:target/cucumber-reports"} ) public class TestRunner { }

7. Implement Step Definitions:

• In your step definition classes, implement the code to interact with your application using Selenium WebDriver. You can use the @Given, @When, and @Then annotations to match steps in your feature files with corresponding methods in your step definition classes.

8. Execute Tests:

• Run your Cucumber tests by executing the TestRunner class or using your build tool’s test command (e.g., mvn test for Maven). Cucumber will execute the scenarios defined in your feature files.

9. Review Reports:

• After execution, Cucumber will generate test reports, typically in HTML format. You can review these reports to see the test results and any failures.