Here are some key components and concepts associated with Cucumber for Java:

1. Gherkin Language: Gherkin is a human-readable, plain-text language used to describe software behavior in a structured manner. It consists of keywords like Given, When, Then, And, and But, which form scenarios that specify the expected behavior of the application.

2. Feature Files: Feature files are written in Gherkin and contain scenarios that describe various features or functionalities of your application. These files have a .feature extension.

3. Step Definitions: Step definitions are Java methods that map to Gherkin steps in feature files. They contain the actual automation code that performs actions and verifies expected outcomes based on the steps in the feature files.

4. Test Runners: Test runners are Java classes that specify which feature files to execute and which step definition classes to use for automation. JUnit or TestNG can be used as test runners with Cucumber-JVM.

5. Annotations: Cucumber-JVM uses annotations like @Given, @When, and @Then to map step definition methods to Gherkin steps.

6. Data Tables: Gherkin allows the use of data tables in scenarios to provide input data or expected outcomes in a tabular format. Step definition methods can accept data from these tables.

7. Hooks: Hooks are methods annotated with @Before and @After that allow you to set up and tear down resources or perform actions before and after scenarios or features.

8. Tags: You can use tags to group scenarios and selectively run them based on tags. This helps in organizing and executing specific sets of scenarios.